Dr. Tanuja Trivedi, Director, WAGE

She further added that all the 875+ Universities of India have been invited to get benefited by participating in this important Summit. The 50 Volume World Encyclopaedia of Women's Development will also be presented to the selected Colleges and Universities contemplating to research on women's issues, she further added.

Explaining about the Women's Empowerment she said that womens' empowerment has become a significant topic of discussion in development and economics. It can also point to approaches regarding other trivialized genders in a particular political or social context.

Women's economic empowerment refers to the ability for women to enjoy their rights to control and benefit from resources, assets, income and their own time, as well as the ability to manage risk and improve their economic status and wellbeing.

While often interchangeably used, the more comprehensive concept of gender empowerment refers to people of any gender, stressing the distinction between biological sex and gender as a role. It thereby also refers to other marginalized genders in a particular political or social context.

Dr. Tanuja Trivedi participating in the Press Conference
announcing the World Women's Empowerment Day.

 Discussing about the methodology for enabling women to get empowered, she explained that land rights offer a key way to economically empower women, giving them the confidence they need to tackle gender inequalities. Often, women in developing nations are legally restricted from their land on the sole basis of gender. Having a right to their land gives women a sort of bargaining power that they wouldn't normally have; in turn, they gain the ability to assert themselves in various aspects of their life, both in and outside of the home.

Another way to provide women empowerment is to allocate responsibilities to them that normally belong to men. When women have economic empowerment, it is a way for others to see them as equal members of society. Through this, they achieve more self-respect and confidence by their contributions to their communities. Simply including women as a part of a community can have sweeping positive effects.

Women were given a place in a forest conservation group. Not only did this drive up the efficiency of the group, but the women gained incredible self-esteem while others, including men, viewed them with more respect. Participation, which can be seen and gained in a variety of ways, has been argued to be the most beneficial form of gender empowerment. Political participation, be it the ability to vote and voice opinions, or the ability to run for office with a fair chance of being elected, plays a huge role in the empowerment of women.

However, participation is not limited to the realm of politics. It can include participation in the household, in schools, and the ability to make choices for oneself. It can be said that this latter participation need to be achieved before one can move onto broader political participation. When women have the agency to do what they want, a higher equality between men and women is established. It is argued that microcredit also offers a way to provide empowerment for women. Governments, organizations, and individuals have caught hold of the lure of microfinance. They hope that lending money and credit allows women to function in business and society, which in turn empowers them to do more in their communities.

One of the primary goals in the foundation of microfinance was women empowerment. Loans with low interest rates are given to women in developing communities in hopes that they can start a small business and provide for their families. It should be said, however, that the success and efficiency of microcredit and microloans is controversial and constantly debated.

Further examining the use of internet as a tool to empower women, Dr. Tanuja Trivedi observed that the growing access of the web in the late 20^th century has allowed women to empower themselves by using various tools on the Internet. With the introduction of the World Wide Web, women have begun to use social networking sites like Facebook and Twitter for online activism. Through online activism, women are able to empower themselves by organizing campaigns and voicing their opinions for equality rights without feeling oppressed by members of society. For example, on May 29, 2013, an online campaign started by 100 female advocates forced the leading social networking website, Facebook, to take down various pages that spread hatred about women.

In recent years, blogging has also become a powerful tool for the educational empowerment of women. According to a study done by the University of California, Los Angeles, medical patients who read and write about their disease are often in a much happier mood and more knowledgeable than those who do not. By reading others' experiences, patients can better educate themselves and apply strategies that their fellow bloggers suggest.

With the easy accessibility and affordability of e-learning (electronic learning), women can now study from the comfort of their homes. By empowering themselves educationally through new technologies like e-learning, women are also learning new skills that will come in handy in today's advancing globalized world.

Getting worried about the barriers to women's empowerment, she noted that many of the barriers to women's empowerment and equity lie ingrained in cultural norms. Many women feel these pressures, while others have become accustomed to being treated inferior to men. Even if men, Legislators, NGOs, etc. are aware of the benefits women's empowerment and participation can have, many are scared of disrupting the status quo and continue to let societal norms get in the way of development.

Research shows that the increasing access to the internet can also result in an increased exploitation of women. Releasing personal information on websites has put some women's personal safety at risk. In 2010, Working to Halt Online Abuse stated that 73% of women were victimized through such sites. Types of victimization include cyber stalking, harassment, online pornography, and flaming. Sexual harassment in particular is a large barrier for women in the workplace. It appears in almost all industries, but is most notable in the following: business, trade, banking and finance, sales and marketing, hospitality, civil service, and education, lecturing and teaching According to the International Labour Organisation (ILO), sexual harassment is a clear form of gender discrimination based on sex, a manifestation of unequal power relations between men and women.

Furthermore, the UN Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) is urging for increased measures of protection for women against sexual harassment and violence in the workplace. 54% (272) had experienced some form of workplace sexual harassment. 79% of the victims are women; 21% were men.

Recent studies also show that women face more barriers in the workplace than do men. Gender-related barriers involve sexual harassment, unfair hiring practices, career progression, and unequal pay where women are paid less than men are for performing the same job. When taking the median earnings of men and women who worked full-time, year-round, government data from 2014 showed that women made $0.79 for every dollar a man earned.

The average earnings for working mothers came out to even less-$0.71 for every dollar a father made, according to a 2014 study conducted by the National Partnership for Women and Children. While much of the public discussion of the "wage gap" has focused around women getting equal pay for the same work as their male peers, many women struggle with what is called the "pregnancy penalty." The main problem is that it is difficult to measure, but some experts say that the possibility of having a baby can be enough for employers to push women back from their line. Therefore, women are put in a position where they need to make the decision of whether to maintain in the workforce or have children. This problem has sparked the debate over maternity leave in the United States.

However, despite the struggle for equal pay in the United States, the tech industry has made progress in helping to encourage equal pay across gender. In March 2016, tech career website Dice released a study of more than 16,000 tech professionals that found that when you compare equivalent education, experience and position, there is no pay gap-and hasn't been for the last six years. This new industry is paving a way for other companies to do the same. However, this industry also struggles to employ women in executive positions. This is partially due to the barrier of sexual harassment and pregnancy that was aforementioned.

Such barriers make it difficult for women to advance in their workplace or receive fair compensation for the work they provide.

Elucidating about the measurement whether women are getting empowered she further observed that women empowerment can be measured through the Gender Empowerment Measure (GEM), which shows women's participation in a given nation, both politically and economically. GEM is calculated by tracking "the share of seats in parliament held by women; of female legislators, senior officials and managers; and of female profession and technical workers; and the gender disparity in earned income, reflecting economic independence." It then ranks countries given this information. Other measures that take into account the importance of female participation and equality include: the Gender Parity Index and the Gender-related Development Index.

Participating in the interactive meet for explaining the importance of women, she commented that entire nations, businesses, communities and groups can benefit from the implementation of programs and policies that adopt the notion of women empowerment. Empowerment is one of the main procedural concerns when addressing human rights and development. The Human Development and Capabilities Approach, the Millennium Development Goals, and other credible approaches/goals point to empowerment and participation as a necessary step if a country is to overcome the obstacles associated with poverty and development.

Sharing her knowledge and experience regarding economic benefits reaching women, she opined that the most women across the globe rely on the informal work sector for an income. If women were empowered to do more and be more, the possibility for economic growth becomes apparent. Empowering women in developing countries is essential to reduce global poverty since women represent most of the world's poor population. Eliminating a significant part of a nation's work force on the sole basis of gender can have detrimental effects on the economy of that nation. In addition, female participation in counsels, groups, and businesses is seen to increase efficiency.

For a general idea on how an empowered woman can impact the economy, a study of Fortune 500 companies found that "those with more women board directors had significantly higher financial returns, including 53 per cent higher returns on equity, 42 per cent higher returns on sales and 67 per cent higher returns on invested capital (OECD, 2008)." This study shows the impact women can have on the overall economic benefits of a company. If implemented on a global scale, the inclusion of women in the formal workforce (like a Fortune 500 company) can increase the economic output of a nation. Therefore, women can also help businesses grow and economies prosper if they have, and if they are able to use, the right knowledge and skills in their employment.

Dr. Tanuja Trivedi, in her capacity as the Convener of the World Women's Empowerment Summit 2017 invited the Vice Chancellors of all Universities, Ambassadors and High Commissioners of all countries, Principals of Colleges and Schools to participate in this Summit by also nominating experts who have contributed in the respective areas of women's empowerment, for getting felicitated in the inaugural and in the valedictory sessions at 9.30 am and 2 pm respectively on 11^th July 2017 at India International Centre, 40 Lodi Estate, New Delhi.

She also encouraged the Central and the State Government Ministries and Departments besides all the educational outfit in the country to contact her through email : [email protected] or another email : [email protected]

She also advised the aspiring delegates to contact her by writing letters by post to the Director, Women's Agency for Generating Employment (WAGE), A 42-43, Paryavaran Complex, South of Saket, New Delhi-110030.

Finally, she displayed the titles of the World Encyclopaedia of Women's Development running into 50 Volumes as given below :

world encyclopaedia of women's development

Volumewise Details

Volume 1     Women Today

Volume 2     Feminist Theology

Volume 3     Feminine Psychology

Volume 4     History of Feminism

Volume 5     Feminist Theories

Volume 6     Introduction to Women's Studies

Volume 7     Women : Past and Present

Volume 8     Status of Women

Volume 9     Women's Education

Volume 10   Crime Against Women

Volume 11   Violence Against Women

Volume 12   Women : Family, Marriage and Social Operation

Volume 13   Women's Development

Volume 14   Women : Gendering Work, Feminism and Postmodernism

Volume 15   Women's Welfare

Volume 16   Women's Health

Volume 17   Women : Fertility, Contraception and Family Planning

Volume 18   Women's Issues

Volume 19   Policies, Programmes and Commission on Women

Volume 20   Women's Challenges

Volume 21   Contemporary Women's Studies

Volume 22   Women's Empowerment

Volume 23   Women and Entrepreneurship

Volume 24   Women in Politics

Volume 25   Equitable Development for Women

Volume 26   Women in North East India

Volume 27   Gender Sensitisation

Volume 28   Economic Development of Women

Volume 29   Political Socialisation of Women

Volume 30   Indian Women Writing in English

Volume 31   Women and Religion

Volume 32   Exploitation of Women

Volume 33   Women Rights and Duties

Volume 34   Women's Movements in India

Volume 35   Women's Equality and Development

Volume 36   Women and Law

Volume 37   Women and Employment

Volume 38   Women and Social Change

Volume 39   Working Women

Volume 40   Future of Women

Volume 41   Women and Rural Development

Volume 42   Domestic Women Workers

Volume 43   Indian Women and Globalisation

Volume 44   Tribal Women and Society

Volume 45   Women in India

Volume 46   Substance Use Among Women

Volume 47   Women and Advertising

Volume 48   Women and Agriculture

Volume 49   Feminist Economics

Volume 50   Ecofeminism

Price : For the entire Set : Rs. 99,500 only.

The payment of Rupees Ninety Five Thousand Five Hundred only may kindly be made in the name of "Women's Agency for Generating Employment" payable at New Delhi by cheque / draft at the earliest and be sent by Speed Post. Alternatively this amount of Rs. 99,500 may be transferred in our Bank Account having the following details :

Name of the Bank Account : Women's Agency for Generating Employment

Name of the Bank : Indian Bank, Saket Branch, New Delhi - 110017

Bank Account Number : 6491701398

IFC Code : IDIB000S097 

Helpline : 011- 40543739, 011-41096948